Why Muchkin

· Our Viscosity Values is lower than all other brands including Hill's, Royal Canin. that means absorptivity by pet are beter when pet suing Munchkin.

And it help protecting stomach and intestines of pet.   ----------- please refer 2.1 and 2.2

· The processing of Munchkin canned food is more thorough and uniform than normal brands, but similar to the techniques used by Royal Canin and Hills.

making it more suitable for pets to lick.  ----------- please refer 3 and 3.1

1.  Testing Introduction

This test primarily selected five types of "liquid" and "mousse" textured prescription wet food cans available on the market, with each texture represented by five different products. The viscosity values and the content state under 40x, 100x, and 200x optical microscope magnification were tested. The test samples are displayed with codes, and the specific products corresponding to the codes are shown in Attachment 1.

1.1 Testing Equipment

1.1.1 Rotational Viscometer

The model of the rotational viscometer is Lichen NDJ-8S. After calibration with viscosity standard liquids, the measurement values of this instrument are within the allowable error range. Therefore, the viscosity values of the following samples can reflect the true viscosity status of the samples to a certain extent.

1.1.2 OLYMPUS CX41 System Microscope

The CX41 is a high-performance microscope system suitable for all inspection and training applications in the fields of biology and medicine.

2.  Viscosity Results

2.1 Viscosity Results

2.2 Viscosity Values Distribution Histogram

The above chart visually displays the viscosity of each sample.

References

[1]  Melissa Vanchina, Blair Ogleby, Dennis E Jewell, PSIII-36 Increased viscosity enhances water intake and reduces risk of calcium oxalate stone formation in cats[J]. Journal of Animal Science. 2019; 97(3):276-277.

[2]  Rochus K, Janssens GPJ, Van de Velde H, et al. Highly viscous guar gum shifts dietary amino acids from metabolic use to fermentation substrate in domestic cats[J]. British Journal of Nutrition. 2013;109(6):1022-1030.

3. Microscopic Results

3.1 Results Discussion

In Sample 1, individual muscle fibers are visible under the 100x field of view, and under the 200x field of view, individual evenly distributed lipid hydrolysis particles of about 10 μm can be seen.

In Sample 2, under the 100x magnification, a few muscle fibers and lipids can be seen, as well as uniformly distributed lipid hydrolysis clusters below 10 μm. Under the 200x magnification, this field of view becomes even clearer.

Sample 3 shows a greater number of uniformly distributed lipid breakdown particles under 10 μm when viewed at 200x magnification; however, muscle fibers are not observed at any magnification levels.

In Sample 4, a large number of muscle fibers can be seen under the 40x magnification field of view, and individual small lipid particles of about 1 μm can be observed under the 200x magnification field of view.

Sample 5 (Munchkin Complete Prescription A/D Can) shows lipid particles and muscle fibers under the 100x magnification field of view, and a relatively large number of uniformly distributed lipid particles ranging from 10-15 μm under the 200x magnification field of view.

Sample 6 (Munchkin Complete Prescription A/D Liquid Can) exhibits abundant, uniform, and fine lipid particles under the 100x magnification field of view. Under the 200x microscope, individual muscle fibers can be seen, along with a wealth of lipid hydrolysis particles below 5 μm.

Sample 7 shows an abundance of lipid particles and raw material distribution under the 40x magnification field of view. However, under the 200x magnification field of view, the lipid particles are primarily around 20 μm in size and are less in number.

In Sample 8, muscle fibers can be observed under both the 40x and 100x microscope magnifications. Under the 200x microscope, individual lipid particles with a processing size of about 20 μm can be seen, but the overall processing uniformity is insufficient.

In Sample 9, elongated muscle fibers can be observed under both the 40x and 100x microscope fields of view. Under the 200x microscope, only a few large lipid particles above 20 μm can be seen, with the rest being abundant small lipid particles of about 1 μm.

Sample 10 shows an abundance of processed lipid particles and some muscle fibers under both the 40x and 100x fields of view. Under the 200x field of view, there is an abundance of uniformly distributed small processed lipid particles of about 20 μm.